by homerj » Mon Mar 24, 2003 7:11 pm
An alternator generates a sinusoidal AC waveform. What people refer to as the "voltage regulator" is actually a bridge rectifer (turns AC to DC) and a voltage regulator. Two things:
1) If the alternator can't source enough current into the regulator, the regulator wil stop regulating (also known as a brown out) and your alternator will stop delivering the 14 or so Volts that it was design for.
2) If your battery has been giving you problems for quite some time, it can fry the regulator. The reason for this is that the regulator is designed to deliver 14 or so volts to a 12V (or so) battery, resulting in a voltage drop of about 2 volts. Ampere's law Power=RMS voltage times RMS current, where the power is the heat disspated by the regulator, RMS voltage is the equivalent DC voltage drop across the regulator, and RMS is the DC equivalent current through the regulator. If the battery fails, voltage at the terminals will drop. at 10V, you're dropping 4V through the reg, at 8 you're dropping 6V, and so on. Simple math:
2V X 100A = 200Watts
4V X 100A = 400Watts
6V X 100A = 600Watts
etc
Over long periods, this contnuous heating can cause the Silicon in the rectifier to degrade and fail.
You probably need a new rectifier/regulator and battery. If you can find the rebuild kit, it should be cheaper than the whole alternator.